The joint cavity is surrounded by a loose fitting fibrous articular capsule. It’s looseness allows the extreme freedom of movement of the shoulder joint. The capsule is strengthened by the tendons and ligaments surrounding and blending with it.
The coracohumeral, glenohumeral ligaments and the tendons of the supraspinatus and subscapularis muscles all serve to support and strengthen the joint.
The subscapular bursa (not shown) communicates with the synovial cavity of the joint via two openings between the glenohumeral ligaments.
The biceps tendon originates from within the joint capsule, passes under the transverse humeral ligament and descends in the intertubercular sulcus of the humerus.
Connecting from the coracoid process to the clavicle and acromion are the coracoclavicular and coracoacromial ligaments.
